Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in preclinical and clinical orthopaedic and traumatology studies (1). Compared to other cell therapies, MSCs have a variety of characteristics, such as a lower risk of teratoma than pluripotent stem cells, stemness potency, targeted therapy through chemo-attraction, ease of isolation, and rapid proliferation (2). However, the application from bench to bedside requires a standardized procedure for its administration (1).
Source: ScienceDirect